The Republic of Bashkortostan has a diverse relief, due to its location, as well as its geological and tectonic structure. In the south of the republic are the Ural Mountains, but most of Bashkiria lies within the East European Plain. We rise from the plains to the mountains, and in our short article we present the mountains of Bashkortostan, and in the end we find out what is the highest mountain in Bashkiria.
1
Yamantau (1640 m.)
Translated into Russian, the name of the highest mountain in Bashkiria sounds like Bad or Evil Mountain. Its peak is at an altitude of 1,640.4 m. And this is the highest point of the entire Southern Urals.
Since ancient times, the Bashkirs have invested a special meaning in the name of geographical objects. So Yamantau got its name due to the fact that on its slopes there were swamps, because of which it was impossible to graze cattle.
Among local tribes, it was also believed that this place causes death to people and domestic animals, and on the slopes of the mountain there were many bears.
2
Iremel (1582m.)
A beautiful mountain with such a romantic name has a two-peaked shape, and consists of Small Iremel, whose height is 1,449 m, and Big Iremel with a peak Kaban with a height of 1,582.3 m.
Researchers deduce the etymology of the name of the mountain from the synthesis of the Bashkir and Mongolian languages, and literally the name of the second highest mountain of Bashkiria can be translated as "saddle of a hero". And the truly divided peaks from a distance resemble a saddle.
At the foot of the small rivers begin to flow, which are tributaries of the Belaya River, and the territory of the mountain range itself received the status of a national park.
3
Abarash-Bash (1292 m.)
The highest point of the Avalyak mountain range, Mount Abarash-Bash, reaches a height of 1,292 m, and it is here that the famous Tygynsky bog is located.
The top of the mountain is a heap of enormous kumurnikovy heaps of bizarre pyramidal shape. The name of the peak is translated as "the head of the prophet", and in ancient times was considered sacred among pastoralists and hunters of this wonderful land.
The slopes of the mountains are rocky and covered with dense forests. But they also attract climbers who gain invaluable experience during climbing.
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4
Big Avalyak (1205 m.)
At the foot of the Avalyak ridge, the famous Agidel and Aya rivers originate in Russia, and the second highest is Mount Avalyak, with a height of 1,120 m.
This is one of the most picturesque places of the republic, where you can get acquainted with stone giants and rare species of plants. Extreme tourist routes are laid here, as well as quests for survival in the wild.
Big Avalyak, like the entire ridge, is located on the territory of the national park, and its natural resources are protected by the state.
5
Karatash (1118 m.)
The highest mountain peak of the Kryktytau ridge, comfortably located on the border of Bashkortostan and the Chelyabinsk region. The height of the mountain, whose name in the Turkic language means “black stone”, is 1118.5 m.
On the surface there are many stone blocks formed as a result of the exit of rocks. That is why the mountain received such an outlandish name.
The slopes are covered with deciduous forests. A dirt road leads to the foot, and tourist paths leading to the summit are laid between the blocks of stone.
6
Shershil-Tau (1108 m.)
The slopes of the peak 1 108.7 m high are covered with birch forest, and majestic spruce trees grow on the eastern side. The top of Shershil-Tau is located near the ski slope, and its name is its second name - "spruce mountain".
Although the real name is translated from Bashkir as "many peaks" or "severed mountain." The Kryktytau mountain range itself, which also includes Shershil-Tau, stretches along the Great Kizil River for 60 km.
About 300 million years ago, rocks began to surface on the surface, as a result of which a beautiful mountain peak was formed, covered with coniferous taiga, which is very rare for these places.
7
Masim (1040 m.)
The majestic South Ural mountain range was named after the beloved hero of the Bashkir epic hero Masim. The highest point is at an altitude of 1,040 m, and this is the southernmost peak of the Urals, exceeding 1 thousand m.
The ridge stretches for 23 km, and is popular among tourists, and is even included in the national program for the development of hunting and equestrian tourism. The name of the main peak of the ridge is called Kizlar-Tash, which means "Maiden's Stone".
Many ancient legends are associated with the mountain, including the legend that in antiquity the ruler of all Bashkir tribes named Masim Khan lived here.
8
Talishinsky Stone (983 m.)
In one of the longest ranges of the Southern Urals, Uraltau, there is a peak whose height is 983.7 m.
At the northern foot of the mountain, the Cherry Dol River begins to flow, and the slopes themselves are covered with mixed forests, in which rare tree species grow. Sometimes there are meadows with mowing.
The slopes of the mountain with such a beautiful and unusual name are gentle, and the peak was formed as a result of access to the surface of rocks.
9
Kuzguntash (978 m.)
The highest point of the Indydyk Range soared up to a height of 978 m, and it was located between the villages of Umetbaevo and Halilovo. A beautiful geological monument of nature is a valuable object for research and in terms of the development of the tourism industry.
It was from Kuzguntash that scientific research of the Irendyk ridge began, and the materials obtained provided valuable information about the geological structure of the Southern Urals and the age of mountain formations.
On the slopes of the peak, which in Bashkir language means “black stone”, tourist routes are laid, and at the foot there are many springs with crystal clear water.
10
Akbiik (969 m.)
The Akbiik mountain range, with a length of 6 kilometers, has the peak of the same name, whose height is 969 meters. From the Bashkir language, the name of the ridge is translated as "white height".
This is a series of plateau-like peaks covered with lichens. But on the slopes are pine and birch forests. A ridge was formed in the Paleozoic era, and the depressions consist of sandstones and shale rocks.
It is interesting that the landscape of the ridge is belt-shaped and birch and aspen trees grow at the very foot of the ridge, and above already mixed coniferous-deciduous forests.
11
Agastat (942 m.)
In the Uchalinsky district, one of the most beautiful sights is the mountain peak Agastat, whose height is 942.5 m. It is slightly elongated, and stretches from the north-east to the south-west.
The top is flat, and completely covered with forests, like the slopes. Birch and pine trees grow mainly on podzolic soils. On the steep southern slope, spruce is found in a small amount.
The Tabylgashty River flows along the western slope, and the peak itself is a protected natural monument.
12
Akmurun (707m.)
Bashkirs call this mountain Akmoron, which literally translates as “white nose”. The height of the mountain, comfortably located on the right bank of the Bolshaya Kudashka River, is 707.4 m.
The slopes of the mountain are steep, and the eastern part of the mountain is steep cliffs that closely approach the waters of the river. But at the foot of the western slope there is a key from which the Osila River begins.
The slopes are covered with aspen and birch-linden forests, and the top itself consists of siltstones, shale rocks and sandstone.
13
Karasyer (655 m.)
The name of this treeless peak in Uchalinsky district is translated from Bashkir as “black cow”, and its height is slightly over 655 m.
Along the slopes of the mountain there are roads that people used to drive cattle and deliver goods and products to the mountainous areas even in antiquity.
At the foot of Karasyer, the Zirikly river flows, and streams flowing from the slopes of the mountain peak feed the river during the period of snowmelt and autumn rains.
14
Yangantau (504 m.)
In the Salavat region there is a unique natural monument, the name of which is translated from Bashkir as “burning mountain”. The height of this miracle of nature is only 504 m, but its beauty and picturesque surroundings will amaze even the most sophisticated tourist.
The mountain itself is stretched 2.5 km along the Yuryuzan River, and in its bowels violent processes of oxidative and reduction reactions occur. Hot vapors come out on the slopes of Yangantau, and the air temperature reaches +37 ° C.
Thermal phenomena began to be studied back in the 18th century, and in 1965 the unique mountain was given the status of a monument of geology.
15
Zirgantau (487 m.)
170 kilometers from the capital of Bashkiria, the city of Ufa, on the very border of the Ishimbay and Meleuzovsky regions, the beautiful Zirgantau is located, whose height is 487.7 m.
At the foot of the mountain, children's health camps and a comfortable tourist ball "Agidel-Sputnik" are built. Not far from it flows the Belaya and Almala rivers.
Bizarre stone sculptures formed on the slopes due to weathering of rocks. In 2002, an ultramodern ski resort was opened on the mountain with slopes of varying difficulty and convenient ski lifts.
16
Shihan (406 m.)
Bashkirs call this shihan Toratau, which means “fortress-mountain”. A low hill, the peak of which reaches a height of 406 meters above sea level, has long been the main symbol of the city of Ishimbay.
The beautiful monument of nature is adorned with the flag and coat of arms of the Ishimbay region, and along with other sheikhs of Bashkiria it was included in the list of the Seven Wonders of Russia project.
From ancient times, Yurmatians consider one of the Bashkir tribes to be sacred, and the area around Tortau was used only for rituals. Only dedicated shamans could enter its slopes, and mere mortals were forbidden to enter.
17
Bald Mountain (300 m.)
We finish the article with a small hill of the Ufa Plateau, which is located on the right bank of the Ufa River.
Mentioning this peak, with a height of only 300 m, is only due to the fact that a spring is considered to be on the southwestern slope, considered the largest in Russia, the second in Europe. This is a source with the beautiful name Red Key.
Bald Mountain is quite popular among tourists, because there is a ski complex, and from its top you can see picturesque views of the surroundings of the village of Pushkino and the village of Krasny Klyuch.
As you can see, the mountains of Bashkiria are relatively low, but they are not without their beauty and attractiveness. Many peaks of mountain ranges are covered with dense forests, and have a unique domed shape. Some of the peaks are in the form of a protrusion in the form of steep rocks. Due to the diversity of geographical reliefs and unusually picturesque landscapes, Bashkiria is often called the second Switzerland.
Article author: Valery Skiba